Strategic Issues

  G-20 Summit 2023: Geo-political Interest versus Economic –Cooperation as a Pressure Game Introduction   In September of 1999, the finance ministers and central bank governors representing the Group of Seven countries (commonly referred to as the G-7) articulated their intention to "broaden the dialogue on key economic and financial policy issues among systemically significant economies and promote co-operation to achieve stable and sustainable world economic growth." The G-20 was established with the mandate of influencing the global agenda, addressing economic and financial matters in areas lacking consensus, and setting a guiding example. This Group was particularly regarded as a crucial forum for deliberations on various strategies. Simultaneously, the global economy was experiencing heightened levels of integration. The escalation of cross-border trade has been notably marked in recent decades, a response to trade liberalization facilitated by the General Agreement on T...

  Iranian Air Defence and geo-political Aspirations:  An Assessment Iranian Defense Industry The Iranian Defense Industry refers to the collection of state-owned and private companies in Iran that are responsible for the development, production, and maintenance of military equipment and technology. This industry has been a significant focus for the Iranian government, particularly since the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988), which exposed Iran's vulnerability in terms of military capabilities. Over the years, Iran has faced various arms embargoes and restrictions due to international concerns about its nuclear program and regional activities. As a result, Iran has heavily invested in building a domestic defense industry to reduce its reliance on foreign arms imports. Key components of the Iranian Defense Industry include:   Military Hardware:  Iran has developed a range of military hardware, including various types of tanks, armored vehicles, artillery, missiles, and naval ...

  Saudi-Arabia led Ukraine-Russia Peace Process: A deeper meaning for the Russian Federation Introduction Across historical trajectories, Saudi Arabia has consistently upheld a significant and long-lasting partnership with the United States in the West Asia-North Africa (WANA) region. At present, Saudi Arabia plays a crucial role in orchestrating coordinated diplomatic initiatives aimed at pressuring Moscow to expedite the resolution of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. In this pursuit, Saudi Arabia is actively working to establish a united international stance that will contribute to a prompt resolution of the conflict. Following the Arab Uprising in the West Asia region, Saudi Arabia's diplomatic relationship with Moscow has shown clear signs of improvement. This progress is especially significant when compared to past events, such as the OPEC Plus agreement negotiated during the Obama administration. Additionally, a noticeable increase has been observed in Saudi-Russian trade and...

    NATO Summit 2023: the focus of the objectives   The focus points of "Deterrence and Defence, Support for Ukraine, Defence Investment, Strategic Partnerships, Changing Security Challenges, and NATO’s United Strength" are key areas of emphasis that are expected to influence decisions made at the summit. Deterrence and Defence: This pertains to the strategies and measures employed by NATO to deter potential adversaries and ensure the collective defense of its member states. It involves maintaining a credible and robust defense posture, including military capabilities, infrastructure, and the readiness to respond effectively to any threats or aggression. Support for Ukraine: This refers to NATO's commitment to providing assistance and backing to Ukraine, a non-NATO member, in the face of security challenges. It may involve political support, economic aid, capacity building, and other forms of assistance to help Ukraine enhance its security and stability. Defence Investm...